To this day, there is still no version for children younger than 14. Just a couple years after the MMPI-2 was released, the MMPI-A (A for adolescents) was developed to include individuals aged 14 to 18 years old.Īfter empirical testing revealed that 12 and 13-year-olds could not sufficiently understand the questions, 14 was deemed the cutoff for this personality inventory. Specifically, many scholars pointed to the fact that the original control group had a very small sample size and was primarily composed of young, white, and married people from the rural Midwest.Īdditionally, the MMPI was attacked for using incorrect terminology and not including a wide enough range of mental health issues, such as suicidal tendencies and drug abuse (Gregory, 2004).Īs a result, the MMPI went through multiple stages of revision. Consequently, if a person tended to answer many of the questions in the way in which paranoid people answered, it was highly likely that the individual was also paranoid.Īlthough this atheoretical approach allowed the MMPI to meaningfully capture traits that were directly related to psychopathology, the initial version was widely criticized. They then identified the questions that most people suffering from a particular type of illness answered differently from those who were identified as normal. These questions were then given to people suffering from a variety of psychological disorders and to a group that did not suffer from any disorder.
The MMPI developed from hundreds of true/false questions that were felt would be useful in identifying personality dimensions.
This test currently has two versions in operation, the original being the MMPI which was developed during the 1940s and is still in use. It simply measures where an individual falls on 10 different mental health scales in order to diagnose the patient and get them the proper treatment they need. Unlike other personality tests, the MMPI was not based on any particular prevailing theories about personality, such as the five-factor model or 16 personalities. McKinley at the University of Minnesota, and it was first published in 1943.īecause this tool is unique in that it is created to measure psychopathology specifically, as opposed to simply assessing anyone’s personality, in order to develop the instrument, the team constructed clinical scales that were endorsed by patients who had been diagnosed with certain mental disorders (Hathaway & McKinley, 1940). This test was first developed in 1939 by clinical psychologist Starke Hathaway and neuropsychiatrist J.C. The MMPI is probably the most widely used multidimensional tool to help diagnose mental health disorders. This test has multiple versions, contains hundreds of questions, and has been around for decades.
Mmpi test pdf professional#
It is administered by a trained psychologist or mental health professional who relies upon a series of 10 clinical scales in order to diagnose a patient with mental health or other clinical issues. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a psychological tool used to assess personality traits and different forms of psychopathology. Scholars have observed unfair racial disparities in scoring the test, and others argue that some of the scales are not scientifically valid. Nevertheless, it does not come without its criticisms.
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